Modern American Culture and Individualism Essay - 1019 Words

The 20th century is considered to be a money culture. Materialism, a devotion to making money and to having a good time are all products of a money making culture. All of technology is controlled by an interest in private profit (Dewey, p15). Sigmund Freud and John Dewy both see this day in age as a time devoted to the â€Å"scientific revolution† and profit from this drastic advance in mankind. Civilization, as we know it today, is largely to blame for the misery of the common people. The American people no longer have a sense of individualism. Luxuries have become a necessity instead of a vice and materialism has become a way of life. The characteristics of the modern world surround the importance of the attainment of material possessions†¦show more content†¦People are notably marked as suffering from their insecurities causing them great unrest, impatience and irritation. People expand in their feverish love of anything as long as it is a change which is distracti ng, (Dewey, p28) and so long as this is happening the results (impatience, unsettlement, nervous discontentment and this desire for excitement) are not native elements of human nature. These feelings stem from the rapid industrialization that took people unaware causing those feelings of being mentally and morally unprepared (Dewey, p8). Therefore, instead of the development of individuals in this evolution, there is a preservation of the whole ideal of individualism to conform to the practices this culture (Dewey, p9). Conformity is what is to blame for the lack of individualism in America Aims and standards become confused beyond recognition. The tragedy of this sort of individual is due to the fact that while individuals are now caught up into a vast complex of associations, there is no harmonious and coherent reflection of the import of these contradictions into the imaginative and emotional outlook on life (Dewey, p41). However, the American mind is still new and develop ing. America is also one of the most influential cultures in the world sweeping across nations shaping a newShow MoreRelatedWhite Fragility Is An Essay By Robin Diangelo1503 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation poorly converse and interacts with the racial social construct that resides in modern American culture. Not privileged with the opportunity to ignore racial tensions, blacks are ready to discuss the disadvantages they face daily in America’s white privileged culture. DiAngelo states that since whites have not had been forced to develop a mode of conversing about racial inequalities in black culture; therefore whites become uncomfortable, evasive, and angry. Because of evasive language whenRead MoreThe Current Value Of America1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe current value that America holds on to the closest is individualism. According to a study conducted by Pew Global, â€Å"nearly six-in-ten (58%) Americans believe it is more important for everyone to be free to pursue t heir life’s goals without interference from the state† (â€Å"The American-Western European†, 21). This number is quite high compared to other countries, such as Britain with 38% and Germany with 26%, and attributes to our nation’s ideology. America was founded to be independent and freeRead MoreRichard Rodriguez s Brown : The Last Discovery Of America1135 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica is a melting pot of different people, culture, and religion. 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Health and Society Smoking in pregnancy Essay - 963 Words

This assignment will begin by giving a brief definition of health whilst presenting a discussion on the exploration of an individual in relation to making healthy choices. The purpose of this assignment is to look at the effects of making healthy choices and the implications that may occur. In addition, current social policies that relate to health and society, and the effects of smoking in pregnancy will also be discussed. ‘Health is a state of physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’ (World Health Organisation, 2011) This definition was first cited by the International health conference in July 1946, and the definition has remained the same. Health is a way of life which is reflected†¦show more content†¦Research identified that more than 17% of women smoke during pregnancy in England and Wales .Whilst, a staggering 45% of women in their twenties were found to smoke in their pregnancy (BBC News Health 2011). Where as it has said that the current Governments national target is to reduce the proportion of women smoking from 23 percent to 15% during pregnancy by 2010 (Luanaigh et al 2005) Research has emphasised that if this would be successful this would help with the long-term health and could also reduce the estimated costs of  £1.4 – £ 1.7 billions to the nation (Bowden et manning 2006) Research shows that smoking during pregnancy is harmful to both the unborn child and mother. Cigarette smoke causes serious harm to the fetal growth, causes severe neonatal risks and affects the progress of the pregnancy. (BBC News Health) Smoking can also increase the risk of miscarriage, premature birth, still-birth and sudden expected death in infancy. The National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE, 2010) highlights that smoking also increases the risk of infant mortality by an estimated 40%. In the recent decades research has emphasised that maternal smoking increases the risk of placenta praevia, abruptio placentae and premature rupture of membranes, this develops other adverse events including serious respiratory illness and asthma attacks and sudden infant death (LuanaighShow MoreRelatedHarmful Effects of Smoking1418 Words   |  6 PagesHarmful effects of smoking Doan Thi Huong Thao BAIU08155 International University HCMC Academic English 2 Bien Thi Thanh Mai Instructor May 17, 2010 Abstract Smoking is known to be a primary cause of harmful effects on health, family, environment and society. However, scientist research in health and environment, that researches show that smoking cause many diseases, even lung cancer. An aim of my study has been to determine that smoking also effect on family and society. 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Health and health care are imperative when it c omes to being an expecting mother;Read MoreNegative Effects of Smoking on Human Health and the Economy1475 Words   |  6 Pages Moreover, smoking particularly adversely affects womens reproductive health, and smoke exposure on children has had detrimental and some sometimes fatal effects on children. Many studies have examined and outlined the adverse effects of maternal smoking on both the mother as well as on the baby and/or infant ( Hofhuis, de Jongste, Merkus, 2003 Woolbright 1994). Many states such as Alabama required documentation on birth certificates of tobacco use of mothers (Woolbright, 1994). Despite theRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?1584 Words   |  7 Pageswould prohibit pregnant woman from smoking tabaco products, due to the harm that the drugs have on the unborn children. 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Blend of Old and Contemporary Scientific Management

Scientific management itself is a profoundly self explanatory term to imbibe the principles of science into the arena of management. Isnt it a perfect blend which did revolutionized the manufacturing practices long ago and which can left an indelible imprint over the strategies and functionalities of the management world. This was a radical change in the history of manufacturing and management. Taylorism and inherent concepts The core concepts were to fragment a line of tasks into smaller modules and considering labor as raw materials of workforce for production. There was a division of labor tasks to increase productivity and enhance efficiency. Taylor described the process by scientifically modulating the task into smaller parts for catering to the best developmental fashion of production. Training and coaching should be provided prior to the production practices so as to enhance efficiency in work and faster production practices. Henry Ford introduced a new innovation into the field of manufacturing by transporting the modules and the production units to the employees to fasten up the process of production and hence to create history in the manufacturing process. Ford was highly inspired by the ideologies of Taylor to break up the tasks and hence he added onto his concepts and tremendously amazing idea of assembly lining. Legacy of Call Centers The jobs at call centers have been highly influenced by the concepts and framework of Taylorism defined years and years ago. Jobs in these ares are fragmented and decentralized to lower levels of management and operation. Operators are assigned individual atomic jobs to receive phone calls or take charge of outbound calls. Moreover sometimes, task fragmentation is also undertaken in the fields of credit cards, loans, product selling, ticket sales etc. Practice of Taylorism till date is widely exemplified by the practices followed in organizations like call centers and is a startling proof of long lasting legacy of the mode and philosophy of Taylor. There is a separation of mental and manual employees to optimize their work and refine the planning and production skills. Call centers are clear reflection of Taylorism concepts. An unprecedented level of control was leveraged with the use of highly well defined scripts used in aid of computer tasks to ensure compliance. They have high supervision and monitoring tasks. As described by Taylor, prepared and well defined scripts were given for reference which removed process of thinking from process of doing. The task of thinking lies in the hands of management with service task given to operators to function. Planning and production are separate lines of business and must be handled by separate hands for efficient and effective management. The contemporary practices Thought the strategies and concepts of mass production and assembly line manufacturing have been overpowered by various other methodologies like lean manufacturing and agile manufacturing techniques but there are areas and industries till date for which mass production and assembly lining suits the best. Companies which need to manufacture similar products in large quantities without much planning and involvement of management still use assembly line strategies and some companies in third world companies which cannot afford agile manufacturing practices are still into assembly line. Some of the examples are Coca-Cola, Unilever, PG, fast food restaurants like McDonalds etc. Th mass production and assembly lining was adopted by food chain restaurants to swiftly become able to cater to the ever increasing demands of customers. Though Taylorism has been used in modern era too but the age old concepts are obsolete and have been redefined by adding onto other functionalities into modular functioning of tasks. The job fragmentation now-a-days is been specialized and integrated seamlessly into the management of the organization. Decentralized approach leads to production employees being able to plan and have a stance in decision making of the company. Many companies in Australia, America or Europe are getting into agile practices with the essence of becoming flexible in order to adopt changes and adapt to the dynamism of the consumer market. The study of time and motion is being replaced by the concept of productivity and to get things done in the best possible manner. Taylorism and Fayolism in practice There has been management concepts being highlighted into the picture from the eyes of Taylor and Fayol. Fayol highlighted the concepts of authority and implementation of powers whereas, Taylor put more focus over the work organization and its efficiency. The scientific management principles brought a revolution in the area of manufacturing. Fayol on the other hand collected and presented principles of management focusing over administration of management. He suggested to start from top management and filter down the hierarchy which also suggested the Taylors approach to separate planing from functioning. But there is a contrast that Taylors process of management was bottom up but Fayol viewed this approach as top down breakdown. He stressed upon division of work among planning and production which was also supported by Taylor. He is the father of modern operational theory of management whereas Taylor was father of scientific management. People were valuable assets according to the t heory of Fayol. The contemporary world Hence, there were drastic changes in 20th century starting from the key ideologies of Taylor to break up the tasks into smaller units, coming onto the approach of Ford to start assembly line manufacturing around the world so as to accelerate the production system. Thereafter, Fayol integrated various theories and concepts of management and presented a profound description of management principles as a summary for effective business marketing. But in todays world the definitions of management have been changed and redefined from the eyes of age old theorists and management experts to the new arenas of inculcating previous practices into present methodologies to extract out the best from all the theories and to imbibe then into the principles of manufacturing and management.

Shakespeares Romeo And Juliet Essays - , Term Papers

Shakespeare's Romeo And Juliet William Shakespeare, the English poet and playwright of the 16th -17th centuries, is known as the best dramatist in the world. He is also known as the best author who has written in the English language. He has written a lot of great plays and sonnets, which are read and admired by people all over the world. The reason for his popularity is his understanding of people and his ability to create the characters almost mirroring the real life situations, human feelings and behaviors. Shakespeare could understand the human character very deeply, therefore he could create characters beyond the time and place of his plays (The World Book Encyclopedia 17 345). One of his most popular plays is the tragedy Romeo and Juliet, talking about the tragic ending of the young love of two teenagers. It is considered the best play about love in the world. The story takes place in Verona, a city in Italy. Romeo and Juliet are two young teenagers who love each other indeed but can not realize their dreams because their families Montagues and Capulets are in a deadly feud. Romeo and Juliet get secretly married. After the wedding Romeo comes across the Juliets cousin Tybalt, who challenges him to a fight. But Romeo doesnt want to fight his new relative. Instead Romeos friend Mercutio fights Tybalt and gets killed. In revenge Romeo fights and kills Tybalt, for what he is expelled from the city. Meanwhile Juliets father forces her to marry his friend Paris. To escape this terrible situation, she asks Friar Lawrence for help, who gives her a drug that puts her in a deathlike sleep for two days. Romeo hears the bad news about Juliets death before he gets the message sent by Friar Lawrence and rushes to the tomb where Juliet was put. Life has no meaning for him anymore, so he takes a poison and dies near Juliets body. When Juliet awakens from the sleep, she sees her love dead and doesnt want to live anymore, so she stabs herself. Death of the two young lovers make the families understand that they must end their feud (The World Book Encyclopedia 17 358). At that time it was strongly believed that the true love always struck at first sight and in this play Romeo and Juliet fall in love from the first sight (Brian C). Some critics say that the idealized love of Romeo and Juliet is rooted on passionate sexuality. But to Elizabethans sexual desire was not antithetical to romance; it was the essence of romance (Brian C). Romeo and Juliet is based on a poem by an English author Arthur Brooke The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet (The World Book Encyclopedia 17 358). Some critics refer to this as one of the weak points of the play, saying that Shakespeare didnt write many original plots, he found what he was looking for ready in Arthur Brookes poem (Rowse 70). But thinking about the plays interesting plot, the beautiful language full of word-plays, different characters and at last the love theme which is the basic element that makes it so interesting, all these things completely make this and the other weak points and faults found by critics fade out. Many critics have also addressed the language of the play. Artificial language, used a lot in the play, was characteristic for the Elizabethan age (The World Book Encyclopedia 17 358). Elizabethans liked those long phrases and fast word-plays, which become simple conversations if retold in modern word interpretation (Brian C). But Shakespeare has used some simple language, characteristic for his later plays, too (The World Book Encyclopedia 17 358). Another thing we should keep in mind is that although the script pas been written for the performance, its read and understood easily (Brian C). There are a lot of elements and characteristics in the play that make it popular and successful. One of the points that gets critics attention is that despite the plays Italian setting, the language, customs and attitudes are generally English (Brian C). Another characteristic thing for the Elizabethan age is that there are no sudden and original plot turns. Elizabethans werent so interested in that, how the story was